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Trigonometric Identities
Basic Definitions
Definition of tangent $ \tan \theta = \frac{\sin \theta}{\cos\theta} $
Definition of cotangent $ \cot \theta = \frac{\cos \theta}{\sin\theta} \ $ credit
Definition of secant $ \sec \theta = \frac{1}{\cos \theta} \ $
Definition of cosecant $ \csc \theta = \frac{1}{\sin \theta} \ $
Definition of versed sine (versine) $ \text{ver } \theta = 1- \cos \theta \ $
Definition of versed cosine (versine) $ \text{vercosine } \theta = 1+ \cos \theta \ $
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Pythagorean identity and other related identities
Pythagorean identity $ \cos^2 \theta+\sin^2 \theta =1 \ $
$ \sin^2 \theta = 1-\cos^2 \theta \ $
$ \cos^2 \theta = 1-\sin^2 \theta \ $
$ \sec^2 \theta = 1+\tan^2 \theta \ $
$ \csc^2 \theta = 1+\cot^2 \theta \ $
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Half-Angle Formulas
Half-angle for sine $ \sin \frac{\theta}{2} = \pm \sqrt{ \frac{1-\cos \theta}{2} } \ $
Half-angle for cosine $ \cos \frac{\theta}{2} = \pm \sqrt{ \frac{1+\cos \theta}{2} } \ $
Half-angle for tangent $ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} = \csc \theta - \cot \theta \ $
Half-angle for tangent $ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} =\pm\sqrt{\frac{1-\cos \theta}{ 1+\cos \theta }} \ $
Half-angle for tangent $ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} =\frac{\sin \theta}{ 1+\cos \theta } \ $
Half-angle for tangent $ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} =\frac{1-\cos \theta}{ \sin \theta } \ $
Half-angle for cotangent $ \cot \frac{\theta}{2} = \csc \theta + \cot \theta $
Half-angle for cotangent $ \cot \frac{\theta}{2} = \frac{1 + \cos \theta}{\sin \theta} $
Half-angle for cotangent $ \cot \frac{\theta}{2} = \pm \sqrt{1 + \cos \theta \over 1 - \cos \theta} $
Half-angle for cotangent $ \cot \frac{\theta}{2} = \frac{\sin \theta}{1 - \cos \theta} $
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Double-Angle Formulas
double-angle for sine $ \sin 2 \theta = 2 \sin \theta \cos \theta \ $ credit
double-angle for sine $ \sin 2 \theta = \frac{ 2 \tan \theta}{1+ \tan^2 \theta } \ $
double-angle for cosine $ \cos 2 \theta =\cos^2 \theta - \sin^2 \theta \ $
double-angle for cosine $ \cos 2 \theta =2 \cos^2 \theta - 1 \ $
double-angle for cosine $ \cos 2 \theta =1- 2 \sin^2 \theta \ $
double-angle for cosine $ \cos 2 \theta =\frac{1- \tan^2 \theta}{ 1+\tan^2 \theta } \ $
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Triple-Angle Formulas
triple-angle for sine $ \begin{align}\sin 3\theta & = 3 \cos^2\theta \sin\theta - \sin^3\theta \\ & = 3\sin\theta - 4\sin^3\theta \end{align} $
triple-angle for cosine $ \begin{align}\cos 3\theta & = \cos^3\theta - 3 \sin^2 \theta\cos \theta \\ & = 4 \cos^3\theta - 3 \cos\theta\end{align} $
triple-angle for tangent $ \tan 3\theta = \frac{3 \tan\theta - \tan^3\theta}{1 - 3 \tan^2\theta} $
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Angle sum and difference identities
Sine $ \sin \left( \theta\pm \alpha \right)=\sin \theta \cos \alpha \pm \cos \theta \sin \alpha $
Cosine $ \cos \left(\theta\pm \alpha \right)= \cos \theta \cos \alpha \mp \sin \theta \sin \alpha $
Tangent $ \tan \left(\theta\pm \alpha \right)= \frac {\tan \theta \pm \tan \alpha}{1 \mp \tan \theta \tan \alpha} $
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