(24 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<br>  
+
<center><font size= 4>
 
+
'''[[Digital_signal_processing_practice_problems_list|Practice Question on "Digital Signal Processing"]]'''
= [[:Category:Problem solving|Practice Question]], [[ECE438]] Fall 2013, [[User:Mboutin|Prof. Boutin]]  =
+
</font size>
  
On computing the inverse z-transform of a discrete-time signal.
+
Topic: Computing an inverse z-transform
  
 +
</center>
 
----
 
----
 +
==Question==
  
 
Compute the inverse z-transform of  
 
Compute the inverse z-transform of  
Line 34: Line 36:
  
 
Therefore, <span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup> − 1 + ''n''</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 
Therefore, <span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup> − 1 + ''n''</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 +
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
 +
  
 
=== Answer 2  ===
 
=== Answer 2  ===
Line 48: Line 53:
  
 
<span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 
<span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 +
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
 +
  
 
=== Answer 3  ===
 
=== Answer 3  ===
Line 62: Line 70:
  
 
Using the z-transform formula, <span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 
Using the z-transform formula, <span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 +
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
  
 
=== Answer 4  ===
 
=== Answer 4  ===
  
Gena Xie
+
Gena Xie  
  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3-Z} </math>  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3-Z} </math>  
  
since |z|<3,
+
since |z|&lt;3,  
  
|z|/3 < 1
+
|z|/3 &lt; 1  
  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1} { 1-\frac{Z}{3}} </math>  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1} { 1-\frac{Z}{3}} </math>  
Line 77: Line 87:
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^n = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n </math>  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^n = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n </math>  
  
substitute n by -n,
+
substitute n by -n,  
  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-n](\frac{z}{3})^{-n}  = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-n](\frac{1}{3})^{-n} Z^{-n}</math>  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-n](\frac{z}{3})^{-n}  = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-n](\frac{1}{3})^{-n} Z^{-n}</math>  
  
based on the definition
+
based on the definition  
  
 
<math>x[n] = \frac{1}{3} u[-n](\frac{1}{3})^{-n} = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] </math>  
 
<math>x[n] = \frac{1}{3} u[-n](\frac{1}{3})^{-n} = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] </math>  
  
 +
<br>
 +
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
  
 
=== Answer 5  ===
 
=== Answer 5  ===
Line 113: Line 126:
  
 
<span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 
<span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
 +
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
  
 
----
 
----
  
Answer 6 - Ryan Atwell
+
Answer 6 - Ryan Atwell  
  
 
<math>X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z}, \quad \text{ROC} \quad |z|<3 </math>  
 
<math>X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z}, \quad \text{ROC} \quad |z|<3 </math>  
Line 122: Line 137:
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} </math>  
 
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} </math>  
  
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} </math>
+
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} </math>  
  
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^{n}</math>
+
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^{n}</math>  
  
n=-k
+
n=-k  
  
 +
<br> <math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k](\frac{z}{3})^{-k}</math>
  
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k](\frac{z}{3})^{-k}</math>
+
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k}{z}^{-k}</math>  
  
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k}{z}^{-k}</math>
+
<br> <math>X(z) = \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k-1}{z}^{-k}</math>  
  
 +
by formula
  
<math>X(z) = \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k-1}{z}^{-k}</math>
+
<span class="texhtml">''X''[''n''] = 3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup>''u''[ − ''n'']</span>  
  
by formula
+
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
  
<math>X[n]={3}^{n-1}u[-n]</math>
+
----
 +
 
 +
Answer 7
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z}</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}}</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1-\left( \frac{z}{3} \right) ^n}{1- \frac{z}{3}} </math> <math>, \quad \text{As n goes to} \quad \infty \quad \text{since} \quad |z|<3</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \left( \frac{z}{3} \right)^n</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{0} \left( \frac{1}{3} \right)^{-n} z^{-n}</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} \left(\frac{1}{3} \right)^{-n} u[-n] z^{-n}</math> <math>, \quad \text{By comparing with DTFT equation, we get} \quad</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>x[n] = \frac{1}{3} * \frac{1}{3}^{-n} u[-n]</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>x[n] = \left( \frac{1}{3} \right) ^{-n+1}  u[-n]</math>
 +
 
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
  
 
----
 
----
Answer 7
 
  
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z}</math>
+
Answer 8
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z}</math>  
 +
 
 +
<math>=\frac{1}{3}\frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}}</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>\frac{1}{3}\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n</math>
 +
 
 +
let n=-k
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z)=\frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]3^k z^{-k}</math>
 +
 
 +
by comparison to inverse z-transform formula,
 +
 
 +
<span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = 3<sup> − 1 + ''k''</sup>''u''[ − ''k'']</span>
 +
 
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Right hand side is in 'k' while the left hand side in 'n' </span>
 +
 
 +
----
 +
[[2013 Fall ECE 438 Boutin|Back to ECE438 Fall 2013 Prof. Boutin]] &lt;/math&gt;
  
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}}</math>
 
  
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1-\left( \frac{z}{3} \right) ^n}{1- \frac{z}{3}} </math>
 
<math>\quad \text{As n goes to \infinity since} \quad |z|<3</math>
 
 
----
 
----
[[2013_Fall_ECE_438_Boutin|Back to ECE438 Fall 2013 Prof. Boutin]]
+
 
</math>  
+
Answer 8
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z}</math>
 +
 
 +
we have |z| &lt; 3, so
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} </math>
 +
 
 +
sum will look like this:
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} </math>
 +
 
 +
with unit step:
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^{n}</math>
 +
 
 +
substituting n with -k we get:
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k](\frac{z}{3})^{-k}</math>
 +
 
 +
<br> finally we get:
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k-1}{z}^{-k}</math>
 +
 
 +
using the formula we get:
 +
 
 +
<math>x[n] = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] </math>
 +
 
 +
<br>
 +
 
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
 +
 
 +
=== Answer 9  ===
 +
 
 +
<math>  X(z) = \frac{(\frac{1}{3})}{1-(\frac{z}{3})}                    </math>
 +
 
 +
<br> <math>  X(z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{1-(\frac{z}{3})}  </math>
 +
 
 +
<br> <math>  X(z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n] (\frac{z}{3})^{n}  </math>
 +
 
 +
<br> let -k = n,
 +
 
 +
<br> <math>  X(z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k] (\frac{z}{3})^{-k}  </math>
 +
 
 +
<br> <math>  X(Z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n] (\frac{1}{3})^{-k}* Z^{-k}  </math>
 +
 
 +
<br> so by comparison <math> , x[n] = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n]  </math>
 +
 
 +
<br>
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
 +
 
 +
=== Answer 10  ===
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z} </math>.  
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) =(\frac{1}{3}) \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} </math>
 +
 
 +
Since z/3 &lt; |1|, base on geometric series:
 +
 
 +
<math> \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} </math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) =(\frac{1}{3}) \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} z^{n} (\frac{1}{3})^{n+1}</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) =\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n] z^{n} (\frac{1}{3})^{n+1}</math>
 +
 
 +
Let n = -m, <math>X(z) =\sum_{-m=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-m] z^{-m} (\frac{1}{3})^{-m+1}</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) =\sum_{m=-\infty}^{\infty} {z}^{-m} u[-m]{3}^{m-1}</math>  
 +
 
 +
base on observation: <span class="texhtml">''x''[''n''] = ''u''[ − ''n'']3<sup>''n'' − 1</sup></span>
 +
 
 +
<br>
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
 +
 
 +
=== Answer 11<br>  ===
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z} </math> <math>X(z) =(\frac{1}{3}) \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} </math>
 +
 
 +
for <math>\quad \text{ROC} \quad |z|<3 </math>
 +
 
 +
we can use geometric series
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^n </math><br> <math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n </math>
 +
 
 +
<math>X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-k](\frac{1}{3})^{-k} Z^{-k}</math>
 +
 
 +
so, by comparing to z-transform formula,we have
 +
 
 +
<br> <math> x[n] = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n]  </math> <br>
 +
 
 +
:<span style="color:blue"> Grader's comment: Correct Answer </span>
 +
 
 +
<br>
 +
 
  
 
[[Category:ECE301]] [[Category:ECE438]] [[Category:ECE438Fall2013Boutin]] [[Category:Problem_solving]] [[Category:Z-transform]] [[Category:Inverse_z-transform]]
 
[[Category:ECE301]] [[Category:ECE438]] [[Category:ECE438Fall2013Boutin]] [[Category:Problem_solving]] [[Category:Z-transform]] [[Category:Inverse_z-transform]]

Latest revision as of 12:54, 26 November 2013

Practice Question on "Digital Signal Processing"

Topic: Computing an inverse z-transform


Question

Compute the inverse z-transform of

$ X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z}, \quad \text{ROC} \quad |z|<3 $.

(Write enough intermediate steps to fully justify your answer.)


Share your answers below

You will receive feedback from your instructor and TA directly on this page. Other students are welcome to comment/discuss/point out mistakes/ask questions too!


Answer 1

$ X[z] = \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} 3^{-1-n} z^{n} $

$       = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n] 3^{-1-n} z^{n} $
NOTE: Let n=-k

$ = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-k] 3^{-1+k} z^{-k} $ (compare with $ \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} x[n] z^{-k} $)

$ = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-k] 3^{-1+k} z^{-k} $

Therefore, x[n] = 3 − 1 + nu[ − n]

Grader's comment: Correct Answer


Answer 2

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z} = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n] (\frac{z}{3})^n $

Let n = -k

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-k]3^{k}z^{-k} $

By comparison with the x-transform formula,

x[n] = 3n − 1u[ − n]

Grader's comment: Correct Answer


Answer 3

By Yeong Ho Lee

$ X[z] = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^{n}3^{-n-1} $

$ = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} 3^{-n-1}z^{n}u[n] $

Now, let n = -k

$ = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} 3^{k-1}z^{-k}u[-k] $

Using the z-transform formula, x[n] = 3n − 1u[ − n]

Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 4

Gena Xie

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3-Z} $

since |z|<3,

|z|/3 < 1

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1} { 1-\frac{Z}{3}} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^n = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n $

substitute n by -n,

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-n](\frac{z}{3})^{-n} = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-n](\frac{1}{3})^{-n} Z^{-n} $

based on the definition

$ x[n] = \frac{1}{3} u[-n](\frac{1}{3})^{-n} = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] $


Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 5

By Yixiang Liu

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3-Z} $


$ X(z) = \frac{\frac{1}{3}} { 1-\frac{Z}{3}} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} * \frac{1} { 1-\frac{Z}{3}} $

by geometric series

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^n $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-k](\frac{z}{3})^{-k} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-k](\frac{1}{3})^{-k} Z^{-k} $

By comparison with the x-transform formula

$ x[n] = \frac{1}{3} u[-n](\frac{1}{3})^{-n} $

$ x[n] = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] $

x[n] = 3n − 1u[ − n]

Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 6 - Ryan Atwell

$ X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z}, \quad \text{ROC} \quad |z|<3 $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^{n} $

n=-k


$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k](\frac{z}{3})^{-k} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k}{z}^{-k} $


$ X(z) = \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k-1}{z}^{-k} $

by formula

X[n] = 3n − 1u[ − n]

Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 7

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1-\left( \frac{z}{3} \right) ^n}{1- \frac{z}{3}} $ $ , \quad \text{As n goes to} \quad \infty \quad \text{since} \quad |z|<3 $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \left( \frac{z}{3} \right)^n $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{0} \left( \frac{1}{3} \right)^{-n} z^{-n} $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} \left(\frac{1}{3} \right)^{-n} u[-n] z^{-n} $ $ , \quad \text{By comparing with DTFT equation, we get} \quad $

$ x[n] = \frac{1}{3} * \frac{1}{3}^{-n} u[-n] $

$ x[n] = \left( \frac{1}{3} \right) ^{-n+1} u[-n] $

Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 8

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z} $

$ =\frac{1}{3}\frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} $

$ \frac{1}{3}\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n $

let n=-k

$ X(z)=\frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]3^k z^{-k} $

by comparison to inverse z-transform formula,

x[n] = 3 − 1 + ku[ − k]

Grader's comment: Right hand side is in 'k' while the left hand side in 'n'

Back to ECE438 Fall 2013 Prof. Boutin </math>



Answer 8

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3-z} $

we have |z| < 3, so

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} $

sum will look like this:

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} $

with unit step:

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^{n} $

substituting n with -k we get:

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k](\frac{z}{3})^{-k} $


finally we get:

$ X(z) = \sum_{k=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k]{3}^{k-1}{z}^{-k} $

using the formula we get:

$ x[n] = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] $


Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 9

$ X(z) = \frac{(\frac{1}{3})}{1-(\frac{z}{3})} $


$ X(z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{1-(\frac{z}{3})} $


$ X(z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n] (\frac{z}{3})^{n} $


let -k = n,


$ X(z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-k] (\frac{z}{3})^{-k} $


$ X(Z) = (\frac{1}{3})*\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n] (\frac{1}{3})^{-k}* Z^{-k} $


so by comparison $ , x[n] = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] $


Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 10

$ X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z} $.

$ X(z) =(\frac{1}{3}) \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} $

Since z/3 < |1|, base on geometric series:

$ \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} $

$ X(z) =(\frac{1}{3}) \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^{n} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} z^{n} (\frac{1}{3})^{n+1} $

$ X(z) =\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} u[n] z^{n} (\frac{1}{3})^{n+1} $

Let n = -m, $ X(z) =\sum_{-m=-\infty}^{\infty} u[-m] z^{-m} (\frac{1}{3})^{-m+1} $

$ X(z) =\sum_{m=-\infty}^{\infty} {z}^{-m} u[-m]{3}^{m-1} $

base on observation: x[n] = u[ − n]3n − 1


Grader's comment: Correct Answer

Answer 11

$ X(z) =\frac{1}{3-z} $ $ X(z) =(\frac{1}{3}) \frac{1}{1-\frac{z}{3}} $

for $ \quad \text{ROC} \quad |z|<3 $

we can use geometric series

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} (\frac{z}{3})^n $
$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[n](\frac{z}{3})^n $

$ X(z) = \frac{1}{3} \sum_{k=-\infty}^{+\infty} u[-k](\frac{1}{3})^{-k} Z^{-k} $

so, by comparing to z-transform formula,we have


$ x[n] = (\frac{1}{3})^{-n+1} u[-n] $

Grader's comment: Correct Answer


Alumni Liaison

Sees the importance of signal filtering in medical imaging

Dhruv Lamba, BSEE2010