Line 9: Line 9:
 
<math>
 
<math>
 
\begin{align}
 
\begin{align}
g1[n] &= a_1*g1'[n] + b_1*g1'[n-1] \\
+
g1[n] &= a_1g1'[n] + b_1g1'[n-1] \\
g2[n] &= a_1*g2'[n] + b_1*g2'[n-1] \\
+
g2[n] &= a_1g2'[n] + b_1g2'[n-1] \\
 
\end{align}
 
\end{align}
 
</math>
 
</math>
Line 18: Line 18:
 
<math>
 
<math>
 
\begin{align}
 
\begin{align}
g1[n] &= a_1*\delta[n] + b_1*\delta[n-1] \\
+
g1[n] &= a_1\delta[n] + b_1\delta[n-1] \\
g2[n] &= a_2*\delta[n] + b_2*\delta[n-1]\\
+
g2[n] &= a_2\delta[n] + b_2\delta[n-1]\\
  
 
\\
 
\\

Latest revision as of 04:31, 1 November 2010


Solution to Q3 of Week 10 Quiz Pool


a. Note that systems g1 and g2 are Length-2 FIR filters which are of the form –

Qp10q3fir.jpg

$ \begin{align} g1[n] &= a_1g1'[n] + b_1g1'[n-1] \\ g2[n] &= a_1g2'[n] + b_1g2'[n-1] \\ \end{align} $

or, looking at it in terms of impulse responses,

$ \begin{align} g1[n] &= a_1\delta[n] + b_1\delta[n-1] \\ g2[n] &= a_2\delta[n] + b_2\delta[n-1]\\ \\ \text{Given:} \\ g1[0] &= a_1 = (1/2) \\ \\ \text{To Find:} \\ g1[1] &= b_1 \\ g2[0] &= a_2 \\ g2[1] &= b_2 \\ \end{align} $

$ \begin{align} g1[n] = (1/2)\delta[n] + b_1\delta[n-1] \\ g2[n] = a_2\delta[n] + b_2\delta[n-1] \\ \end{align} $

$ \begin{align} G1(\omega) &= \frac{1}{2} + b_1z^{-1} \\ G2(\omega) &= a_2 + b_2z^{-1} \\ \end{align} $

It is also given to us that,
y[n] = x[n-1],
so feeding in $ \delta[n] $ as input (x[n]) would result in $ \delta[n-1] $.
Thus we require:

$ \begin{align} h1[n] * g1[n] + h2[n] * g2[n] &= \delta[n-1] \end{align} $

Taking Z transform,
$ \begin{align} H1(z)G1(z) + H2(z)G2(z) &= z^{-1} \\ \end{align} $
$ \begin{align} \frac{1}{2}(1+z^{-1})(\frac{1}{2} + b_1z^{-1}) + \frac{1}{2} (1- z^{-1}) (a_2 + b_2z^{-1}) &= z^{-1} \end{align} $
$ \begin{align} (1+z^{-1})(\frac{1}{2} + b_1z^{-1}) + (1- z^{-1}) (a_2 + b_2z^{-1}) &= 2z^{-1} \end{align} $
$ \begin{align} \frac{1}{2} + b_1z^{-1} + \frac{1}{2}z^{-1} + b_1z^{-2} + a_2 + b_2z^{-1} - a_2z^{-1} - b_2z^{-2} = 2z^{-1} \end{align} $
$ \begin{align} (\frac{1}{2} + a_2) + (\frac{1}{2} + b_1 + b_2 - a_2)z^{-1} + (b_1 - b_2)z^{-2} &= 2z^{-1} \end{align} $

Solve equation by equating coefficients of $ z^0, z^{-1}, z^{-2} $,

$ \frac{1}{2} + a_2 = 0, a_2 = -\frac{1}{2} $
$ \begin{align}b_1 - b_2 = 0, b_1 = b_2\end{align} $
$ \begin{align}\frac{1}{2} + b_1 + b_2 - a_2 = 2\end{align} $
$ \begin{align}\frac{1}{2} + 2b_1 + \frac{1}{2} = 2\end{align} $
$ \begin{align}2b_1 = 1, b_1 = \frac{1}{2}\end{align} $
$ \begin{align}b_2 = \frac{1}{2}\end{align} $


Therefore our two systems are -
$ \begin{align}g1[n] = \frac{1}{2}g1'[n] + \frac{1}{2}g1'[n-1]\end{align} $
$ \begin{align}g2[n] = -\frac{1}{2}g2'[n] + \frac{1}{2}g2'[n-1]\end{align} $


b.

h[n] = h1[n] * g1[n] + h2[n] * g2[n] = $ \delta[n-1] $
$ H(\omega) = H1(\omega)G1(\omega) + H2(\omega)G2(\omega) $

Taking the Fourier transform,
$ \begin{align} H(e^{j\omega}) &= (\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}e^{-j\omega}) (\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}e^{-j\omega}) + (\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}e^{-j\omega}) (-\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}e^{-j\omega}) \\ &= (\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}e^{-j\omega})^2 - (\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}e^{-j\omega})^2 \\ &= e^{-2j\omega /2}(\frac{e^{j\omega /2} + e^{-j\omega /2}}{2})^2 - e^{-2j\omega /2}j^2(\frac{e^{j\omega /2} - e^{-j\omega /2}}{2j})^2 \\ &= e^{-j\omega}cos^2(\omega /2) + e^{-j\omega}sin^2(\omega /2) \\ &= e^{-j\omega} (cos^2(\omega /2) + sin^2(\omega /2)) \\ &= e^{-j\omega} \end{align} $

Notice that by inverting H($ \omega $), we obtain h[n] = $ \delta[n-1] $ proving our answer in part a.

Taking the magnitude of the H($ \omega $),
$ |H(e^{jw})| $ = 1 (Plot is line with constant value 1)
Phase{$ H(e^{jw} $)} = slope = -1 (Plot is line with slope -1 with value 0 at $ \omega $ = 0)



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Alumni Liaison

Ph.D. on Applied Mathematics in Aug 2007. Involved on applications of image super-resolution to electron microscopy

Francisco Blanco-Silva